Land Conservation in Hilly Topography

Land Conservation in Hilly Topography

Land maintaining or land conservation efforts are already familiar in rural population . And it is not peculiar to our society today .. Here I describe two important conservation methods are, the vegetative and mechanical methods.

-Vegetative method is the use of plants or crops to cover the surface of soil. This plant is in addition to prevent or control erosion, and this can also function to improve soil structure, add soil organic matter, prevent nutrient from leaching process and reduce soil temperature fluctuations. Vegetative methods for soil and water conservation, including, among others: the planting of land cover (cover crop) serves to hold the rain water so as not to directly on the surface of the soil, increase the soil fertility (as green manure), reduce soil erosion by water and maintain soil productivity levels. Planting grass usefulness is almost the same as ground cover, but it has other benefits, namely as animal feed and amplifier terras. Method of planting can be a meeting, according to the line or contour.
 
-Mechanic Method
Mechanical way is the way of management of high land or hilly topography by using physical means such as soil and rock as a means of soil conservation. The goal is to slow down of water movement in the surface, reduce erosion and to accommodate and drain the surface water flow. Included in the mechanical method for soil and water conservation is the tillage of soil.

Tillage is any mechanical manipulation of the soil needed to create good soil conditions for plant growth. The main objective is to prepare the ground processing of seeds to grow, creating a good root zone, immerse the remains of plants and eradicate weeds.

Control erosion-mechanical technically a land preservation efforts to reduce the number of lost ground in the area of agricultural land by mechanical means certain. In connection with efforts to improve the mechanical soil was aimed to slow runoff and hold and resume the distribution of power flow to the surface of soil erosion damage.

According to the contour tillage is any tillage type (piracy, hoeing, equalization) on contour to form grooves and lines and contour soil pile and cut slopes. The grooves of this land will impede the flow of water on the surface and prevent erosion that can support conservation in dry areas. The main advantage is the contour tillage by inhibiting the formation of runoff that allows absorption of water and avoid land transport.

Therefore, in dry climates by contour tillage is also very effective for this conservation. Making terras is to change the sloping ground surface becomes stratified to reduce runoff and hold and hold them for more water to seep into the ground through infiltration process. Making terras serves to reduce the length of slopes and retain water, thereby reducing the rate and amount of surface runoff and allow absorption by the soil, thus erosion is reduced..